Antipick keylock mechanism



Nov 7, 1950 c, LURTZ 2,528,964

ANTIPICK KEYLOCK MECHANISM Filed Dec. 7. 1945 6 Sheets-Sheet l 3 IO! 98 I02 FIG.

Q Illllllmnllns 99 gaulwilnm 77 INVENT OR.

FIG. l3

Nov. 7, 1950 c. LURTZ ANTIPICK KEYLOCK MECHANISM 6 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Dec. 7. 1945 IL.- 25 .5- ail/V Z M w M FIG. I8

FIG. I?

FIG. 2|

Nov. 7, 1950 c. LURTZ 2,528,964

ANTIPICK KEYLOCK MECHANISM Filed Dec. '7. 1945 e Sheets-Sheet s hosA.

Nov. 7, 1950 c. LURTZ ANTIPICK KEYLOCK MECHANISM 6 Sheets-Sheet 4 Filed Dec. 7. 1945 FIG. 46

Nov. 7, 1950 c. LURTZ 6 ANTIPICK KEYLOCK MECHANISM Filed Dec. 7. 1945 6 Sheets-Sheet 6 FIG. 63

766 260A 274A uqF FIG. 69 FIG. 70

I74C 267 lOOF 90F 260 268 8IF l IOOF INVENTOR.

lair-I BIG may 195 FIG. 75

Patented Nov. 7, 1950 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE- AN TIPICK KEYLOCK MECHANISM Carl Lurtz, Brooklyn, N. Y.

Application December 7, 1945, Serial No. 633,310

21 Claims. 1

This invention relates to key-lock-mechanisms, and is more particularly concerned with that type of locking mechanism which constitutes a separate key-operable unit whereby an interconnected securing device of one form or another may be operated; such interconnectable securing device usually takes the form of a bolt-mechanism or latch-mechanism adapted for holding a door or lid in shut position.

The invention in the present instance is embodied in a key-operable locking unit which comprises a plurality of tumblers or similar operating elements, arranged in a supporting frame in such a manner that locking-operation may be effected by means of a key having a notched operating edge whereby the tumblers may be shifted relative to one another to such position as to enable the lock to be operated.

Among the objects of the present invention may be noted the provision of means embodying elements adapted to render ineffectual the employment of a lock-picking device for urging all the tumblers of the lock, either collectively or individually, to the required operative position, to which position said tumblers may ordinarily be moved by means of the correct key.

In certain forms of the invention, as disclosed in the present application, the above mentioned object is accomplished in conjunction with a novel disposition of a plurality of tumblers, which, together with other essential operating parts of the lock-mechanism, are all carried on a rotatable supporting device inside a cylindrical housing; the latter embodying suitable operating elements maintained in position for co-action with the movable operating parts of the rotatable supporting device; said co-active operating elements of the housing comprise in the majority of the herein disclosed species of the present invention a stationary barricading device having detent-elements or barrier-elements disposed at a definite distance away from the normal position of the tumblers, so that it is necessary to first rotate the tumbler-support in either a clockwise or counter-clockwise direction over a limited angle to bring the tumblers in close proximity with the detent-elements of the stationary barricading device.

The rotatable tumbler-support is further adapted to carry a key-hole closing device, which, in association with certain elements of the lockhousing, enables the key-hole to be closed in such a manner durin initial rotative movement of the tumbler-support that the remaining opening between the outside and the inside of the lock precludes the possibility of reaching the tumblers by means of a stifi wire, or some similar rigid instrument whereby picking operation may be effected. Thus, with embodiment of the constructional features alluded to in this paragraph, there is no way of determining either before or after the key-hole is closed in what particular position any one of the several tumblers must be disposed in order to allow the gate of the respective tumblers to clear the barricading device.

The key employed in connection with the new lock-mechanism, embodying the present invention in one of its forms, possesses certain novel constructional features to enable the lock, with incorporation of a key-hole shutter, to be operated in the usual manner; that is to say, the notched part of the key is first inserted into the key-hole of the lock so as to cause all of the tumblers to be moved to the proper operating, position, after which the freely rotatable operating parts inside the lock-housing may be turned by means of the projecting handle-part of the key in the desired angular direction as far as required for efiectin operation in the interconnected bolt-mechanism. I

The key-hole shutter of the present invention is so arranged that it passes through a slot of the key before the tumbler support is rotated far enough to bring any one of the tumblers in contact with, or vary close to, the stationary barri cade whereby further movement of the tumblersupport in the same angular direction may be prevented if one or more of the tumblers are not disposed in the proper position relative to the barrier-elements of the barricading device.

The object of the present invention may further be achieved with the aid of means other than the above mentioned shutter device. Accordingly, the invention is exemplified in this application in several modified forms of construction, wherein the key-hole shutter is not incorporated; although it should be understood that any of said modifications may be constructed so as to include the key-hole shutter in the form of a supplementary device for attainment of maximum security in the lock.

In all those modifications of the invention which do not embody a key-hole shutter, the novel features reside principally in the means adapted for interlocking all of the tumblers while they are carried with the rotatable supporting device inside the housing over a limited initial angle in the direction of the barrier-elements; the latter being normally disposed at a definite distance away from the interceptable sections of 3 the tumblers. Hence, if in a construction of this type any of the several relatively movable tumblers is out of its proper position after having been interlocked, it would then be necessary to rotate the tumbler-support back to normal position in order to permit one or the other of the tumblers to be shifted to a different location on said support, thus, even in the absence of a keyhole shutter, it renders the procedure during attempted pickin of the lock, exceedingly difiicult and perplexing. However, the locking operation may be effected in a simple manner with the correct key, because when the key is inserted into the look all of the tumblers are moved to the proper position, so that upon subsequent rotation of the key it enables the interlocked tumblers to clear the barrier-elements by virtue of the respective gates on the interceptable sections of the tumblers. The means for effecting said interlocking operation of the tumblers may embody detailed constructional elements of various form, as will be fully described hereinafter.

Other objects and advantages of the invention will in part be pointed out, and in part be apparent from the following detailed description and claims, when read in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:

Fig. 1 is a 1' ront-view of the cylindrical housing, wherein the key-operable locking mechanism is accommodated, showing the form of the key-hole and the shutter therefore; part of the housing is shown broken away to reveal certain operating elements of the key-hole closing device.

Fig. 2 is another front-view of the cylindrical lock-housing, showing in dotted lines the tumbler supporting device rotated away from its normal position to a sufficient extent to effect closing of the key-hole by means of the shutter carried on the rotatable support.

Fig. 3 illustrates the form of the key, adapted for the operation of the lock-mechanism disclosed in the drawing-figures I and 2 through I4; the key is shown having a slot through which the shutter is permitted to pass when moved to the particular position indicated in Fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the lockmechanism, taken on the section-line 6ll-60 of Fig. 1; revealing the arrangement of the pivoted tumblers and the disposition of the part operatively associated therewith; the key is shown with its front-part inside the rotatable support for holding all of the tumblers in an operative position so that the lock may be operated.

Fig. 5 is a plan-view of the key-operable lociing mechanism without its cylindrical housing, showing the pivotal connection of the tumblers, the stationary barricading ring, and the projecting end-section of the key-hole-shutter; a small portion of the substantially flat operating part of the key is shown to project outside the key-hole provided in the front-section of the tumbler-supporting device.

Fig. 6 is a rear-view of a latch-operating device, shown connected to an operating member which may be best seen in cross-section at the upper end of the device of Fig. 8.

Fig. 7 is a front-view of Fig. 5, having the key removed, and showing particularly the projecting end-portions of the tumblers as normally held at spaced relation with respect to the stationary barricading ring; the latter is shown partly broken away to permit a view of certain detailed constructional features of the mechanism.

Fig. 8 is a cross-sectional view of the locking mechanism, taken on the section line 6I6| of Fig. 7; showing the arrangement of the various operating parts of the lock with the inclusion of the key-hole shutter; the key is shown endwise, partly inserted into the cylindrical lock-housing, which is indicated in dotted lines.

Fig. 9 is a rear-view of a limited number of operating parts, showing particularly the position of the pivoted tumblers in relation to the operating springs and the stationary barricading ring.

Fig. 10 is a rear-view of the open lock-housing, showing operating elements thereof adapted for interaction with elements of the tumbler-supporting device.

Fig. 11 is a cross-sectional View of the cylindrical lock-housing, taken on the section line 62-62 of Fig. 10.

Fig. 12 is a fragmentary view of the lock-housing, taken on the section line 63-63 of Fig. 11, and showing detailed constructional features on a certain edge-portion of the housing, adapted for co-action with an element of one of the tumblers for normally maintaining the tumbler-supporting device in a definite angular position so that the key-hole of the lock-housing is disposed in alinement with the key-hole of the rotatable tumbler-support while the latter is not being operated.

Fig. 13 is a side-view of a single pivoted tumbler, shown with embodiment of modified constructional features; the tumbler being shown in association with a fragment of the rotatable tumbler-support.

Fig. 14 illustrates certain operating parts of a latch-mechanism in connection with an operating element of the lock embodying the present invention.

Fig. 15 is a plan view of a modified form of the invention; the cylindrical housing being shown cut in half to reveal the assembled tumbler-mechanism, together with its key-hole shutter; the inserted key may be seen edgewise.

Fig. 16 is a front-view of the device of Fig. 15, taken approximately on the section-line 64-64 thereof, and showing the arrangement of the principal barricading elements of the lock in combination with the key-hole shutter, carried on the tumbler-support.

Fig. 17 is a side-view of cylindrical casing which forms part of the rotatable tumbler-support.

Fig. 18 is a difierent side-view of the same casing which is shown in Fig. 17.

Fig. 19 is an illustration of the key suitable for the operation of the modified lock-mechanism, exemplified in the drawing figures l 5 through 25.

Fig. 20 is a side-view of the rotatable tumblersupporting device, shown without its cylindrical casing; the stationary barricading device, forming part of the lock-housing, is shown edgewise to indicate its position relative to the tumblers while the latter are disposed in a normal position.

Fig. 21 is a different side-view of the rotatable tumbler-supporting device, shown together with the stationary barricading member.

Fig. 22 is a front-view of the mechanism, which is seen sidewise in Fig. 20.

Fig. 23 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the lock-construction shown in Fig. 22, and taken on the section-line 65-65 thereof.

Fig. 24 is a rear-view of the rotatable tumblersupport, showing detailed constructional features adapted for securing the latch-operating tong, the latter may be seen endwise in assembled position.

Fig. 25 is an end-view of the open tumbler- 6 casing, revealing certain detailed constructional features thereof.

Fig. 26 is a front view of a lock-construction, embodying the invention in modified form, without inclusion of a key-hole shutter.

Fig. 2'7 is a side-view of the completely assembled lock-mechanism inside the cylindrical housing, which is shown in cross-section.

Fig. 28 is a front-view of the lock, taken on the section line 66-66 of Fig. 27, and showing the arrangement of the tumblers on the rotatable support.

Fig. 29 shows the form of a key suitable for the operation of the modified lock-mechanism disclosed in Figures 26 through 38.

Fig. 30 is a cross-sectional view of the lockmechanism, showing the arrangement of certain opera i parts.

Fig. 31 is a front-view of the rotatable support with its tumblers, in association with the stationary barricading device, but without the cylindrical housing.

Fig. 32 is a front-view of the rotatable tumblersupport, stripped of all its removable elements.

Fig. 33 is a cup-shaped hub-member, which is provided with a key-hole, and is adapted for connection to the front-end of the tumbler-support, best seen in Fig. 32.

Fig. 34 is a plan-view of a latch-mechanism associated with operating elements of a padlock, 3

showing in connection therewith a co-acting operating part of the novel key-operable lockmechanism.

Fig. 35 is an enlarged front-view of the stationary barricade, together with the key-operable tumblers, shown disposed in their normal position relative to one another.

Fig. 36 is an enlarged side-view of one of the tumblers, shown in conjunction with a sectional view of the stationary barricade, taken on the section line 6'I--61 of Fig. 35; the tumbler is shown partly broken away to disclose certain operating elements on the rim of the barricade.

Fig. 37 is another enlarged view of the barricade and the tumbler, similar to that of Fig. 36, but showing the tumbler moved to that particular position in which its gate is enabled to clear the obstructing elements of the barricade.

Fig. 38 is an enlarged fragmentary view of the front-part of the lock-housing and the rotatable tumbler-support, showing the position of the key-hole of the tumbler-support in relation to the key-way in the lock-housing when said support is rotated away from its normal position over an arc of about 180.

Fig. 39 is a front-view of another key-operable lock of modified construction, embodying the present invention.

Fig. 40 is a cross-sectional view of the modified lock-construction, taken on line 6868 of Fig. 39.

Fig. 41 is a front-view of the mechanism illustrated in Fig. 40, taken on the section line 6969 thereof, and showing the modified arrangement of the tumblers in conjunction with the modified barricading device.

Fig. 42 is a front-view of the rotatable tumbler-support, shown together with the stationary barricade.

Fig. 43 is a plan view of the key, adapted for the operation of the lock-mechanism disclosed in Figures 39 through 49.

Fig. 44 discloses a form of a key constructed so as to require an additional part to enable a lock to be operated thereby.

Fig. 45 discloses the additional key-part, adapted for connection to the key-part of Fig. 44; a section of the completed operating end of the key is shown in dotted lines.

Fig. 46 is an end-view of the operating part of the key shown in Fig. 45, and taken on the section line 10-10 thereof.

Fig. 4'7 is an enlarged cross-sectional View of the tumbler mechanism, including the stationary barricade, and taken approximately on the section line 1 l-1l of Fig. 48.

Fig. 48 is an enlarged front-view of the stationary barricade and the tumblers; the latter being shown in an operative position at a'small angular distance away from the obstructing elements of the barricading device.

Fig. 49 is an enlarged plan-view of a padlock, shown with part of its casing broken away to reveal the interacting operating parts of the latch-device and the novel key-operable mechamsm.

Fig. 50 is a front-view of still another modification of the invention.

Fig. 51 presents a view of the modified lockmechanism in assembled position.

Fig. 52 is a sectional view of the lock, taken on the section line l313 of Fig. 51, and showing the arrangement of the tumblers on the rotatable support.

Fig. 53 is an illustration of the form of the key suitable for the operation of the modified lock-mechanism shown in Figures 50 through 59.

Fig. 54 discloses particular constructional features of the lever-locking device in association with the tumbler mechanism accommodated inside the cylindrical housing.

Fig. 55 is a rear-view of the assembled lockmechanism, shown without the rear-closure of the housing to permit a view of the pivoted end of the cam-operable locking lever.

Fig. 56 is a rear-view of the lock-housing, disclosing its interior construction.

Fig. 57 is a cross-sectional view of the assembled lock-mechanism, taken approximately on the section-line 14-14 of Fig. 54.

Fig. 58 is an enlarged fragmentary view, showing some of the principal operating parts of the lock-mechanism.

Fig. 59 is a plan-view of a bolt-operating mechanism, having a supporting-frame adapted for the arrangement of two operatively interconnected lock-mechanisms.

Fig. 60 illustrates still another modified form of the present invention; the lock-mechanism being shown mounted inside a latch-operating knob or handle, taken approximately on the section-line MA-14A of Fig. 61.

Fig. 61 is a rear-view of the mechanism illustrated in Fig. 60, showing the arrangement of latch-operating devices embodied with the lockmechanism of the present invention.

Fig. 62 is a front-view of the handle-part containing the lock-mechanism, showing particuularly the form of the key-hole in the frontend of the hollow shank of the knob or handle.

Fig. 63 is a rear-view of the shank-socket, with a section thereof broken away, and with the lockmechanism removed to reveal constructional features on the front-wall of said shank-socket.

Fig. 64 is a side-view of the key adapted for the operation of the device of Fig. 60; the operating end of the key being shown partly broken away.

Fig. 65 is a sectional view of a modified form of lock-housing, seen from the open rear-end,

and showing in cross-section parts of a modified key-hole shutter-device operatively associated with the lock-mechanism of Fig. 60.

Fig. 66 is cross-sectional view of the device of Fig. 65, taken approximately on the section-line MB-14B thereof, and showing the modified keyhole shutter in connection with elements of the tumbler mechanism; the dotted-line showing illustrates a wire-instrument inserted into the tortuous key-hole channel to indicate the undulous opening left in the key-hole when the shutter is disposed in its key-hole closing position.

Fig. 67 is a side-view of the key, adapted for the operation of the lock-mechanism of Fig. 66; the key being shown in its operative position inside the locking-housing of which a front-portion is shown in cross-section.

Fig. 68 is a front-view of the tumbler-mechanism of the present invention, shown in association with its barricading device removed from the lock-housing.

Fig. 69 is a rear-view of the tumbler-mechanism, shown without its barricading device.

Fig. '70 is a rear-view of the tumbler-support, with the rear-plate thereof removed, to show the supporting elements for the tumblers and the springs of the lock-mechanism; and,

Fig. 71 is a cross-sectional view of the tumblermechanism, taken approximately on the sectionline 14C|4C of Fig. 68.

DETAILS OF THE INVENTION In the detailed description of the present invention, and in the appended claims, the term tumbler-mechanism is employed to generically designate a plurality of tumblers, together with: the rotatable support and the adjunctive devices carried by the latter inside the lock-housing; while the term barricading device or barricade, when used in the following description, is intended to designate the tumbler-obstructing device with embodiment of any or all of its constructional elements with aid of which the tumbler-mechanism may be prevented from being freely rotated, said barricading device may constitute a constructional feature of the lock-housing or a separate unit operatively associated therewith; and the term key-hole shutter or shutter is intended to generically designate the device whereby the key-hole of the lock may be closed or obstructed in a manner as specified in the following description.

Similar reference characters indicate corresponding parts throughtout the several views of the drawing forming part of this application.

Tumbler lock mechanism including a key-hole shutter The novel lock-mechanism, exemplified in the drawing-figures I through I4, embodies a keyhole-shutter 15, which in this particular species of construction forms one of the principal elements of the present invention, in conjunction with certain other constructional features of the mechanism. The shutter 15 is carried on the rotatable tumbler-support 16 (Fig. which is accommodated in the cylindrical lock-housing H. The rotatable support 16 is constructed so as to enable all the operable parts of the lock to be carried thereby. In the form shown, there are five tumblers pivotally held on said rotatable support by means of a shaft 18 (Figs. 5, 7 and 9) the tumblers being indicated respectively by the referenc characters 19, 80, BI, 82 and 83.

The tumbler-spring 84, as best seen in Fig. 9, is made from a single piece of thin sheet metal, and is shown embodying five spaced-apart spring-blades, adapted for exerting spring-pressure separately on the tumblers close to their pivotal connection, so that all of the tumblers are normally urged forwardly in the direction of the key-hole 85, as far as permitted by the outcut of the tumbler-support 16, wherein each tumbler is individually movable within a limited angle, as is apparent from an inspection of Figs. 4 and 8.

The lock-key 86 (see Fig. 3) is of unusual design; it embodies a substantially flat operating end 81, on the forward end of which are provided the graduated cuts 88 of varying depths, whereby the tumblers of the lock may be moved to different angular positions relative to one another, so as to bring the gate or outcut 89 (Fig. 4) of each tumbler into alinement with the barricading ring 96, thus affording the tumbler support 16 with all of its parts to be rotated by means of the key 86 after having been inserted into the lock to the full extent as shown in Fig. 4.

The barricading ring 9|! is held in fixed position inside the housing 11; where the shoulder 9| is provided for holding the ring 90 seated with co-operation of the annular extension 92 (Fig. 4) of the connected rear-closure 93; the latter further embodies a fiat bottom-section 94, adapted to retain the rotatable tumbler-support l6 inside its housing 11, so that the face 95, on the forward end of the tumbler-support, is maintained in very close proximity with the inside-face 96 (Figs. 4 and 10) on the front-wall of the housing 11, where the key-hole 91 is provided.

The key-hole 85 of the tumbler-support, when disposed in its normal position as shown in Fig. l, is in exact alinement with the key-hole 91 of the lock-housing; but when the tumbler-support is rotated away from its normal position, as indicated in Fig. 2, then the major part of the keyhole 85 is hidden by the front-wall of the housing H; the object of this particular arrangement in the lock-mechanism will be fully described hereinafter in connection with the key-hole closing device.

In order to prevent accidental displacement of the tumbler-support from its normal angular position, there is provided a detent element in the form of a depression 98 (Figs. 10, 11 and 12) on the shoulder-section 99 of the lock-housing T1; the said depression 98 is so located as to allow the front corner-portion I on the upper edge of the tumbler 8| (Fig. 8) to be springpressed into said depression, thus preventing the tumbler-support 16 from being rotated away from its normal position as long as the cornerportion |68 of the tumbler 8| remains in the depression 98. As shown in Figs. 10 and 12, there is provided a second depression |D| on one side of the depression 98, while on its other side there is a third depression |02; these two additional depressions are of such form that if the cornerportion I00 of the tumbler 8| is allowed to enter either one of said additional depressions it prevents the tumbler-support 16 from being rotated any further in a direction away from the depression 98; but upon movement of the tumbler-support toward its normal position it enables the tumbler 8| to slip out of the depression ||I| or I02, as the case may be, by virtue of the sloping edge I03 or the other sloping edge I84 (see Fig. 12). The elements associated with said two additional depressions come into operation only if picking of the lock is attempted, as will be elucidated in a later part of the specification in connection with the detailed description of the key-hole closing device.

As revealed in Figs. '7 and 9. the barricading ring 90 embodies a plurality of barrier elements, formed respectively on the left and the right end-section of said ring, at a definite distance away from the normal position of the interceptable parts of the tumblers, thus requiring the tumblersupport I6 to be first rotated over a small angle in order to bring into close proximity those sections of the tumblers in whose path the barrier-elements lie; the reference characters I05, I06 and I 01 indicate respectively the three stepped barrier-elements on one side of the projecting ends of the tumblers, while the three other barrier-elements are indicated respectively by the reference characters I08, I09 and H0, see Fig. 9.

A small edge-portion of the barrier-element I05 and a similar portion of the barrier element I08 are adapted to respectively engage the projection III (Figs. 10 and 11) on the shoulder 9| of the lock-housing 11, so as to prevent angular displacement of the ring 90 from its proper position.

Now, one of the purposes for the stepped arrangement of the said barrier-elements is to enable more than one tumbler to be intercepted at one and the same time if operation of the lock is attempted by means other than the correct key; and if it is borne in mind that the key-hole of the lock is always obstructed whenever the tumblers are carried close to the barrier-elements, it will be apparent that the above mentioned arrangement of the tumblers contributes considerably to the security features of the lock, because if picking is attempted there is no means of determining, either before the key-hole is closed or afterwards, whether or not one or the other of the several tumblers has its gate disposed in proper position relative to the barricading ring 90.

Certain of the above related functional characteristics of the tumbler mechanism are closely interlinked with features of the key-hole closing device so as to enable maximum security in the lock to be attained. The shutter I5, forming to enable the said shutter to be normally held in the position shown in Fig. l, where the projecting end of the shutter may be seen resting in the outcut I I4; the latter being formed on the shoulder-section 99 of the lock-housing. If the tumbler-support I6 is rotated, to the left or right, away from its normal position, it forces the projecting end of the shutter I5 out of the outcut I I4, thus urging the other end of the shutter into the key-hole 85, to obstruct it as shown in Fig. 2. During such initial angular movement of the tumbler-support I6, to the extent shown in Fig. 2, the tumblers are carried close to the barrierelements of the ring 90; and in the event this partial movement of the tumbler-support should be eifected without the use of a key, then it would be necessary first to push the tumbler 8| backwards, out of the depression 98. However, the same tumbler would afterwards be caught in one of the depressions next to the central depression 98, thus inhibiting further angular movement of the tumbler-support in the same general direction. It would therefore be necessary to again move the tumbler 8| backwards to enable the tumblers to be carried into contact with the barrier-elements; but to carry out such operation is extremely difficult in practice due to the obstruction in the key-hole 85 and due to the hidden position of the small remaining openings of said key-hole behind the front-wall of the lock-housing. The tumbler-support I6 may, however, be easily returned, by means of a simple lever-device, from the aforementioned position (as shown in Fig. 2) to the normal position (as shown in Fig. 1), because the tumbler BI is then allowed to ride back into the central depression 98 (Fig. 12) in the particular manner hereinabove described.

Whenever the tumbler-support 16 is rotated towards its normal position over the small angle indicated in Fig. 2, it affords the projecting outer end of the said shutter I5 to re-enter the outcut II4 by force of the cylindrical spring I I5, thus effecting withdrawal of the other end-section of the shutter I5 from the key-hole 85. The spring I I 5 (see Figs. 5 and 8) is accommodated in a hole disposed rearwardly of the shutter-slot I I3 in the tumbler-support, so as to enable the projecting member I I6 of the shutter I5 to engage the outer end of the spring II5; the latter being shown resting with its other end on a small movable ball III (Fig. 8), which in turn is supported by a flange on the end of the hole so as to allow a portion of the ball II! to project into the keyhole 85 of the tumbler-support I6. Thus the spring I I5 is capable of holding the ball I I! yieldably in position, while pressing with its outer end against the shutter-member H6 to permit the aforementioned movement in the shutter I5 to be effected.

When the key is inserted into the key-hole of the lock, it first pushes the ball III out of its way, and afterwards allows the said ball to enter with its projecting portion into the triangular outcut II8 (Fig. 3) of the key, thus enabling the latter to be held with sufiicient pressure-contact in the key-hole to prevent the five key-engaging tumblers from pushing the key outwardly, by force of the tumbler-spring 84, if the operator should release his grip on the key before turning it in the lock. As shown in Fig. 3, the operating part 8! of the key 80 embodies a slot II9, made of suitable dimensions and arranged so as to allow the end-section of the shutter 15 to pass through said slot of the key during operation of the lock. The key 86 is further shown provided with a shoulder I20, formed on the neck or stem I2I, for the purpose of limiting inward movement of the key when said shoulder I20 is brought in abutment with a portion on the front-section of the tumbler-support I5. As shown in the drawing, there are two additional shoulders I22 and I23 formed on the rearend of the operating part 8! of the key these additional shoulders are adapted to prevent the key from being pulled out of the key-hole after the tumbler-support is rotated away from its normal position, because the shoulders I22 and I23 are then located behind the front-wall of the lock-housing H.

In Fig. 4 the key 86 is shown inserted as far as it goes, at which time the operating part 8! is entirely inside the key-hole 85 so that the said shoulders I22 and I23 are flush with the frontface of the tumbler-support I0; but in Fig. 5 the key is shown not inserted to the full limit as per- 11 mitted by the shoulder I20, thus exposing to view part of the key-section which embodies the shoulders I22 and I23.

As is self-evident, the lock can be operated only if the key 86 is inserted into the mechanism to the extent shown in Fig. 4, because all of the tumblers of the lock are then properly alined relative to the barricading ring 90, and the operating part 81 of the key is then in proper position to permit a, section of the shutter I to pass through the key-slot I I9, while the shoulders I22 and I23 are held clear of the key-hole 9I of the lock-housing 11. During the initial angular movement of the key, together with the tumblermechanism, it causes the shutter I5 to be moved to the dotted-line position shown in Fig. 2 (if rotation is effected in a counter-clockwise direction), so that that end-section of the shutter which is adapted to obstruct the key-hole, is then located in the key-slot II9. It will therefore be apparent that the same initial rotative movement in the tumbler-support I6 cannot be effected by means of a makeshift instrument if inserted into the key-hole 85 far enough to obstruct the free movement of the shutter I5. However, the tumbler-support I6 may be rotated away from its normal position over a small angle even without the correct key, if the tumbler 8| is first pushed back so as to disengage it from the depression 98 (Fig. 12), and if the temporary lever-' contrivance is manipulated so as not to get in the way of the shutter I5 while the latter is urged into the key-hole 85. Assuming now that the tumbler-support I6 is rotated to the angular position shown in Fig. 2, without employment of the correct key, in such case the key-hole of the lock is so effectively obstructed that the hidden tumblers cannot be moved to the proper position relative to the barricading ring 90 by means of some makeshift instrument manipulated from the outside of the look.

It should be noted that the key-hole 9! of the lock-housing is provided with two ward-members I24 (Figs. 1 and 10), spaced apart from each other to approximately the width of the shutter I5. The key-hole 85 of the tumbler-support I6 also has two spaced-apart wards I similarly disposed; thus the key-hole is very nearly identical in form with the key-hole 91; the only difference being that the key-hole 91 of the lockhousing embodies the circular hole I26, wherein the stem I2I of the key 86 is adapted to rotate. Whereas the key-hole 85 of the tumbler-support I6 (see Figs. 7 and 8) embodies merely a centrally disposed conical depression II2 (see Fig. 8) for receiving a similarly formed portion formed on the forward end of the key-stem I2 I.

Bearing in mind the aforementioned features of the two separate key-holes in the lock, it will be evident from an inspection of Fig. 2 that when the shutter I5 is in position to obstruct the keyhole 85 of the tumbler-support IS, the remaining openings between the outside and the inside of the lock assume the form of two tortuous channels; one of said channels leading around one edge of the shutter 15, and the other channel leading around the other edge of said shutter in the key-hole 85.

Any wire or similar instrument that is desired to be inserted into the lock, while the tumblersupport is in the position shown in Fig. 2, must of necessity be easily bendable, and even such wire could be pushed through the tortuous channel only with great difficulty, because before reaching the small opening on either one or the other side of the shutter I5, there is a bend formed in the channel by the ward I25 of the key-hole 85; the next bend is formed around the edge of the shutter I5, and in back of the latter there is still another bend formed by the ward I 25. Thus, even if one should succeed to force the end of a bendable wire in back of the shutter I5, the wire could not possibly serve for moving the tumblers to the proper position relative to the barricading ring mainly because the inserted part of the wire would be held too tight inside the tortuous channel. Furthermore, one wire alone would be entirely inadequate for effecting movement in more than one tumbler inside the lock, and any attempt of forcing one or two additional wires through the same channel in which there already is another wire, would prove entirely futile for the purpose of disposing the several tumblers in such position as to permit operation of the lock.

If desired, the outer shell of the lock-housing may be made of hardenable steel, in which case it may be found preferable for reasons of economy to form the shoulder 9I together with the shoulder-section 99 as a separate unit to be joined to the said steel shell so as to form a housing as illustrated in the drawing. If the lock-housing is made entirely of brass, then the quality of the housing may be improved by securing a hard steel plate I2I (see Fig. 11) to the front-wall of the cylindrical shell TI on its inside.

The handle-part I28 of the key 86 is shown having one side with a smooth surface, as indicated in Fig. 5, and the other side with a rough surface (Figs. 3 and 4) made by the imprints I29, thus enabling the user of the key, when gripping its handle-part I28, to determine by feel whether the key is properly held in the hand in relation to the key-hole of the lock which is desired to be operated.

The tumbler-mechanism of the lock is constructed so as to enable all the parts thereof to be assembled with minimum effort and time. For example, the five tumblers (as seen in Fig. 9) may be gripped by the hand so that all of them may be inserted together into the outcut of the tumbler-support I6; the latter embodying the supporting element I30 (Figs. 5 and 13) adapted for receiving the round pivotal end-sections of the tumblers; the loosely fitting shaft I8 may then be pushed in through the respective pivot-holes of the tumblers, allowing each projecting end of the shaft I8 to rest in a semicircular depression I3I of the tumbler-support I6 (Figs. 5 and 7), thus affording the tumblers to be held pivotally connected with co-operation of said supporting element I30. After the aforementioned assembly operations, the tumblerspring 84 is attached to the tumbler-support I6, as illustrated in Figs. 4 and 8. The spring 84 is shown provided with an anchorage element I32 (Figs. 8 and 9) which is adapted to enter a depression (see Fig. 8) on the rear-wall of the tumbler-support I6 for retaining the spring 84 in assembled position; in addition to the anchorage element I32, there are other suitable elements embodied with the mechanism for holding the tumbler-spring 84 properly attached; among these elements may be mentioned the provision of suitable grooves on the tumbler-support 16 into which the leftand right-hand side edges of the spring 84 are adapted to respectively project.

A slightly modified form of tumbler construction is exemplified in Fig. 13, where the tumbler is indicated by the reference character BIA, and may be regarded to take the place of the tumbler -8I which may best be seen in Fig. 8. The modifications in the tumbler 8IA apply principally to the form of operating springs that may be incorporated with the pivoted tumblers if suitably made. For instance, an open cylindrical spring 84A, supported in a hole of the tumbler BIA as shown in the drawing, may be employed for effecting the necessary spring-action in the tumbler; the projecting end of the cylindrical spring '84A being adapted to press against the rear-wall of the tumbler-support I6. Instead of the said cylindrical spring 84A, a straight wirespring or blade-spring 843 may be used for urging the tumbler forwardly in the direction of the key-hole in the lock, if the said blade-spring is properly secured to the tumbler, as exemplified in Fig. 13. The gate 89 is shown in dotted lines on the tumbler 8I A; said gate may be cut anywhere on the peripheral edge of the-tumbler so as to be movable into alinement with the barricading ring 90 by means of the key that is fitted for the operation of the lock.

The lock-mechanism, embodying the present invention, is of a construction that may be employed as an operating unit in combination with various types of latch-mechanisms, provided a suitable latch-operating device is incorporated with the rotatable tumbler-support; whether that,

be of the form shown in Fig. 5, or any other form disclosed in the several views of the drawings in this application. In connection with the particular lock-construction illustrated in Figs. 4 and 5, the tumbler-support I6 is shown embodying at its rear-end a short stem I33, which is adapted to carry the latch-tongue I34; the latter includes certain novel constructional features co-active with features on the stem I33 for holding the two last-mentioned parts interconnected. As shown in Figs. 4 and 5, the latch-tongue I34 has two flexible arms I35, forming a bifurcated end in which the stem I33 is located. Each of said flexible arms has at its end a small hook I36 adapted to project respectively into the transverse hole I3I of said stem to prevent the tongue I34 from becoming disconnected. The small hooks I36 are enabled to enter the transverse hole I3I by virtue of the reflex action of the arms I35, upon completion of the assembly operation. As revealed in Figs. 6 and 8, the stem I35 embodies two oppositely lying axial grooves I38, made of such width as to permit the tumbler-support I6 to be rotated freely over the small initial angle I39 or I40 (Figs. 2 and 6), without thereby effecting any appreciable angular movement in the latch-tongue I34 when it is in connection with a latch-mechanism as exemplified in Fig. 14.

The limited number of parts of the latchmechanism, illustrated in Fig. 14. are shown in dotted lines with the exception of the hub-member I 4| which forms an integral part with the follower I 42 whereby the bolt I43 may be operated when the connected latch-tongue I34 is rotated over a definite angle by means of the keyoperated tumbler-support I6. The hub-member MI is shown provided with an outcut I44 made sufficiently large to perm t free angular movement to be effected to a small extent in the latchtongue accordingly. it will be apparent that means may be embodied in both the latch-mechanism and the tumbler-mechanism, or in each one separately, for allowing the tumbler-support I6 to be rotated over the small initial angle as shown in I34 which projects into said outcut;

14 Fig. 2, without communicating during such time any movement to the latch-mechanism of the lock.

In Fig. 6 and 8, the stem I33 of the tumblersupport I6 is shown carrying a bolt-operating device I45 of modified form, which may be employed in place of the latch-tongue I34 if a boltmechanism other than that shown in Fig. 14 is desired to be operated by means of the same tumbler-mechanism. As shown in the drawing, the bolt-operating device I45 embodies a project ng operating p-ln I46, adapted for operating the bolt I41 (Fig. 8) in any suitable manner as known to those skilled in the art.

The rear-closure for the tumbler-mechanism illustrated in Fig. 8 is shown made somewhat different from the aforedescribed rear-closure 93, which in Fig. 4 is shown embodied with the lockhousing. In the device of Fig. 8, the rear-closure of the hous'ng forms an integral part with the plate I48 which is adapted to provide the closure for the housing I49 of the bolt-mechanism shown in dotted lines. The plate I48 includes the extensions 92A for holding the barricading ring 90 in assembled position when the lock-housing IIA (shown in dotted lines) is connected to the plate I43. The slightly mod'fied form of the lockhousing HA is shown secured to the plate I48 by means of the screws I50, which also serve to hold the separate plate I5I in assembled position so that the rotatable tumbler-support it may be retained inside the lock-housing HA. The thin flat washer I52, shown supported on the stem I33 is adapted to lessen during operation of the device the frictional resistance between the inside face of the rear-closure for the lock-hous ng and the face on the rear-end of the tumbler-support I6.

The rear-closure 93 shown in Fig. 4 embodies a few constructional features in addition to those already mentioned. As shown in the drawing, the peripheral section I53 of the closure 93 is provided with screw-threads to enable the device to be connected to a suitably constructed housing of a latch-mechanism. The rear-closure 93 is shown threaded into the hous'ng I7; and for permanently securing the closure 93 in assembled position, there is a small screw or pin I54 shown inserted through a hole in the flange of the rearclosure 93, so as to project into the hole I55 (Fig. 11) in the threaded wall-section I53 of the lockhousing TI. The rear-closure shown in connection with the device of Fig. 4 may of course be made without embodiment of the heavy threaded flange I53. For instance, a simple cup-shaped rear-closure may be incorporated, such as may be economically made from sheet metal in a power press with a drawing die.

It is noteworthy that the present invention embodies a mechanical organization of such character that the operativeness of the lock is not aifected if the key-hole shutter is omitted from the construction; the eliminati on of the said shutter would merely deprive the lock of its maximum security; the last mentioned factor may. however, not always be of major consideration. If that be the case, and if a slight reduction in the cost of the manufactured article is desired, then the three elements of the shutter device, namely the shutter I5, the spring H5 and the ball III may be eliminated from the lock-constructon; as Well as the washer I52 and also the latch-tongue I34, provided the stem I33 is suitably formed to serve as an operating member in direct connection with a latch-mechanism. Thus, the complete lockunit, exclusive of the key-hole shutter, would comprise no more than 12 simple and easily assemblable parts. Furthermore, the spring 84 adapted for co-action with the five tumblers, is of such construction that it is not liable to sufier wear or to go out of order through prolonged use of the lock; nor is there any appreciable wear liable to occur on the engaging parts between the tumblers and the key while the latter is moved into or out of the lock-mechanism. It will be apparent that the lock embodying the present invention can be master-keyed in a simple manner by providing more than one gate on one or more of the tumblers.

Modification of lock-mechanism including a key-hole shutter The modification of the invention which will presently be described, is illustrated in Figures 15 through 25. The rotatable tumbler-support is in this particular device indicated by the reference character 16A, and is shown in Fig. 15 completely assembled inside the lock-housing 11A. While the rear-closure of the housing is shown in the form of a permanently secured fiat disk 93A, having a centrally disposed hole I51 wherein the latch-tongue I34A is revoluble. The tumblersupport 16A, comprising the cylindrical shell I58 and the tumbler-frame I59, has at its rear-end a cavity I60 (Figs. 23 and 24) adapted to receive the shouldered rear-end of the latch-tongue I34A; the two shoulders I6I (Fig. 24) being provided on the latch-tongue I34A to enable it to be retained in assembled position on the tumbler-support with co-operation of the disk 93A of the lock-housing. As shown in Fig. 24, the cavity I69 is of such form that the latch-tongue I34A is compelled to rotate with the tumbler-support 16A only after the latter has completed its initial angular movement during which the shutter 15A is moved to close the key-hole 85A of the tumbler-support in substantially the same manner as in the device of Fig. 1.

The barrier 99A, whereby the tumblers of the lock may normally be intercepted, is shown made in the form of a sector, as best seen in Figs. 16 and 22; said sector is secured in a slot of the housing 11A (Figs. 15 and 16) so that the spacedapart barrier-elements I62 of the sector project to the inside of the housing 11A, and into the path of the projecting portions of the tumblers, as clearly indicated in Figs. 16 and 22.

The five tumblers, indicated respectively by the reference characters 19B, 80B, 8IB, 82B and 83B, are fashioned from comparatively thin sheet metal, and are so supported on the frame I 59 that they may be individually shifted back and forth within definite limits inside the lock-housing 11A. The tumbler 8IB is provided with a projection IUUA (Figs. 20 and 23) at its front edge; the said projection I99A being adapted to enter the depression 98A (Fig. 15) on the shoulder-section 99A of the housing 11A, whenever the key-hole 85A (Fig. 16) of the shell I 58 is in alinement with the similarly formed key-hole 91 (Fig. 15) of the lock-housing TIA. Each of the five tumblers embodies a spring-engaging member I63 (Fig. 23), adapted to project into a rearwardly extending hole of the tumbler-frame I 59; there being five holes made in said frame as shown in Fig. 22; each hole containing a cylindrical spring I64 (Fig. 23) adapted for urging its engaging tumbler forwardly in the direction of the keyhole of the lock. In conjunction with each of said holes, there is a slot I65 provided in the frame I59; each slot extends rearwardly only far enough to enable the lower edge of the cornersection I66 (Fig. 23) of the respective tumblers to rest on the fiat face I61 of the tumbler-frame I59; thus each tumbler is provided with a suitable path for its spring-engaging member I63 during operation of the device. In Figs. 20 and 23 the tumblers are shown held in a normal position by means of the respective cylindrical springs, so that the barrier-elements I62 of the sector A may intercept the tumblers after a small rotative movement has been effected in the tumbler-support 16A; the latter may be rotated beyond the small initial angle only when the respective gates 89 (Figs. 20 and 23) of the tumblers are moved by means of the correct key into alinement with the barrier-elements I62, as shown in Fig. 15.

The tumbler-frame I59 is shown embodying two forwardly extending members I68, adapted for holding the five tumblers in proper position while the shell I58 is being connected to the tumbler-frame I59.

For the accommodation of the projecting sections of the five tumblers, as best seen in Figs. 16 and 22, there is an outcut I69 (Fig. 17) made in the cylindrical wall of the shell I58; the open rear-end of the outcut I69 is adapted to engage a projection I19, located in the annular groove I1I of the tumbler frame I59; the groove I1I providing a seat for the open end-section of the shell I58 when it is in assembled position. There are additional securing devices shown provided in the form of two spaced-apart projections I12 (Fig. 21) on the front-end of the tumbler-frame I59; these projections are adapted to fit respectively into the spaced-apart depressions I13 (Figs. 18 and 25) disposed in the front-wall of the cylindrical shell I58.

The key-hole shutter 15A, shown embodied with the particular tumbler-mechanism of Fig. 15, is adapted to function in the same manner as hereinbefore described in connection with the mechanism of Fig. 1, viz., when the correct key (Fig. 19) is inserted into the lock, and is then rotated with the tumbler-support 16A, it causes the sideways moving shutter 15A to enter with its inner end-section into the slot II9 (Fig. 19) of the key 86A while the opposite end of the said shutter is forced out of the outcut H4 disposed on the shoulder-section 99A of the lock-housing 11A.

Certain constructional elements of the keyhole closing mechanism, incorporated with the device of Fig. 15, are of modified form; for instance, the spring-action in the shutter 15A is effected by means of a blade-spring II5A, which engages with its forward end a shoulder-section I14 (Figs. 20 and 22) of the said shutter, so that the latter may be urged into the outcut H4 of the housing TIA whenever the tumbler-support 16A assumes its normal position, as indicated in Fig. 16. The fiat piece of material from which the spring II5A is formed includes the two extensions I15 (Fig. 21), adapted to fit into a depression of the tumbler-frame I59 to enable the spring II 5A to be properly held in assembled position with aid of the cylindrical wall of the shell I58. The deep groove I16 (Figs. 21 and 23), forming part of the depression in which the spring I I5A is seated, provides the necessary room for the spring-action of the device.

On the front-end of the tumbler-frame I59 is made a depression I 11 (see Figs. 21, 22 and 23) wherein the shutter 15A is movably supported; the front-face of the said shutter is adapted to 17 engage the inner face of the front-wall I18 of the assembled shell I58, thus maintaining the shutter 15A in operative position in said depression I". As shown in Fig. 18, there is a suitable outcut I19 made in the cylindrical wall of the shell I58 for accommodating the end-section of the shutter 15A. The front-wall I18 of the shell I58 embodies an inwardly projecting wall-section I 80 (Figs. 18 and 25) whereby the tumblers may normally be held on the tumbler-frame I59 in the position as indicated in Fig. 20, where the shutter 15A may be seen arranged in front of the tumblers; a similar view is presented in Fig. 23.

For the projection I 08A (Figs. 20 and 23) of the tumbler BIA, there is made a depression I8I in the wall-section I80 of the shell I58, so as to enable the operative part of the projection IUDA to enter the depression 98A (Fig. 15) on the shoulder-section 99A of the lock-housin "A, at a time When the key-hole 85A (Fig. 16) of the shell I58 is in alinement with the key-hole 91 (Fig. 15) of similar form on the lock-housing "A.

If desired, the shell I58 may be constructed with embodiment of a hub-member I82, as indicated in dotted lines in Fig. 17 and 18; the said hub-member being adapted to revolubly project into the center-hole IZGA (shown in dotted lines) made in the front-wall of the lockhousing; an arrangement of such character permits the neck I 2IA of the key 86A to be made comparatively wide, as suggested in dotted. lines in Fig. 19. Oviously, the hub-member I82 of the shell I58 should embody a suitable slot, corresponding in outline to the form of the keyneck I2IA, thus the slot in the hub-member I82 would constitute part of the key-hole of the lock. However, in order that the security of the lock may not be aifected, the diameter of the hubmember I82 should measure somewhat less than the width of the key-hole shutter 15A.

Modification of the invention The modified constructions described under this heading in the following paragraphs, are illustrated in Figures 26 through 49; and are exemplified in the drawing-figures without embodiment of a key-hole shutter, although a shutter of the form disclosed in Figs. 1 and 15 may be employed, if desired, in combination with any of the hereinafter described constructions, provided certain suitable alterations in details of construction are made therein so as to permit the incorporation of a key-hole shutter.

As pointed out in the preamble of this application, the main object of the present invention is the provision of means of such character that during a relatively small initial angular movement of the key-operable tumbler-support, operation may be eflected in an operatively associated adjunctive device to prevent the tumblers from being movable relative one to another to the proper position while in close proximity with the stationary barrier-elements; the latter being normally disposed at a definite angular distance away from the normal position of the tumblers.

In Figs. 1 through 25, the said adjunctive device is shown in the form of a key-hole shutter of specific construction, whose operation may be effected while the tumblers of the lock are carried on a rotatable supporting frame toward the stationary barrier-elements. On the other hand, in the constructions of Figs. 26 through 49, and several others in this application, the said adjunctive device is shown in the form of a mech-- anism of such character as to enable each and all of the tumblers to be locked in a fixed position in relationship with respect to one another while the tumbler-support of the lock is bein rotated over a small angle away from its normal position. Thus, the basic elements, which afiord the operation of one or another type of adjunctive device to be effected for the stated purpose, are embodied principally in the spaced arrangement of the stationary barrier-elements, as applied in the several species of construction of the invention, so that the tumblers must first be carried on the tumbler-support over a definite angular distance in order to bring the interceptable parts or the respective gates of the tumblers into close proximity with the stationary barrier-elements of the lock.

One of the specific constructions of the invention embodying a tumbler-interlocking-device is illustrated in Figs. 26 through 38, which will be fully described before proceeding with the detailed description of other similar constructions.

The tumbler-support as shown in Figs. 27 and 38, comprises three interconnected parts; the main part, on which the cylindrical springs and. the tumblers are mounted, is indicated by the reference character I83 (Fig, 32); to the frontend of said main part I83 is connected a hubmember I84 (Figs. 27, 30 and 33), shown in the form of a cup-shaped element which includes the short cylindrical central projection I82A having the key-hole 853; said projection I 82A fits loosely into the center hole disposed in the front- Wall of the lock-housing 'I'IB (Figs. 26 and 2'7). The key-hole 85B of the tumbler-support extends to the left and right of the periphery of the projection I82A (Fig. 33), so as to enable a key-way to be formed in the front-Wall of the housing "B by the respective outcuts 91A. The key-hole 85B is disposed slightly off center, so that after the tumbler-support 163 has been rotated over an angle of 180 it carries the key-hole 853 to the position relative to the outcuts 91A of the housing as indicated in Fig. 38; thus, until the tumbler-support is returned to its normal position, the shoulder-portions on the neck IZIB of the key prevent the latter from being pulled out of the lock.

To the rear-end of the tumbler-supporting member I83 is connected the member I85 (Fig. 30) for revolubly supporting the tumbler-support 16B inside the cup-shaped barricadin member B; the latter is shown having a flange I86 resting on a shoulder of the housing "B to which said barricading member 90B is permanently secured. There is a second flange I81 (Fig, 27) formed on the member 90B, this flange serves to retain the tumbler-support 18B inside the lockhousing "B by engaging the shoulder-section I88 (Fig. 31) of the member I83. However, the flange I8! is principally provided for the embodiment of the spaced-apart barrier-elements, indicated respectively by the reference characters IIlBA, IOIA, IIl9A and I I8A (Figs. 31 and 35). It will be noted that these barrier-elements are arranged in a fashion similar to those of the barricading ring 98 shown in Fig. 9. As revealed in Fig. 35, the barrier-element IIJGA is arranged so as to enable it to intercept the tumbler BIC at the same time when the tumbler 800 is moved in abutment with the barrier-element IllIA, that is, if the gate 89 (Figs. 30 and 36) of the respective tumblers is not in alinement with the flange I81 of the barrier-member 903. The barrier-elements 19A,,

19 and IIIIA afford the tumblers 82C and 8| C to be intercepted at one and the same time when the tumbler mechanism is rotated in a counterclockwise direction.

The detailed constructional features of the tumbler-supporting member I83 may best be seen in Fig. 32. In association with each of the three holes I89 there is a slot I65A made to provide a suitable path of movement for the respective members I63A of the tumblers. Each tumbler embodies two sideways projecting supporting elements I90; the upper one being adapted to ride on the fiat face I61 (Fig. 32) of the framemember I83, while the other element I98 engages the face IB'IA disposed on the lower side of the holes I89; thus enabling each tumbler to be maintained in proper operative position on the frame-member I83. Additional supporting means for the tumblers are provided by the walls I9I of the outcut I92, which is made in the frame-member I83 for the accommodation of the tumblers, as shown in Figs. 28 and 31.

Each tumbler is shown embodying a toothed member I 93, which forms part of the supplementary device adapted for interlocking the several tumblers relative to one another with cooperation of certain other operating elements incorporated with the barrier-member 90B. The toothed members I93 project into the outcut I94 (Figs. 31 and 32) of the frame-member I83; a similar outcut 98B (Fig. 35) is provided on the flange I81 of the stationary barricading member 903; consequently the rotatable tumbler-support IBB may be prevented from being rotated away from its normal position, indicated in Fig. 31, as

long as the tumblers are held by their respective cylindrical springs I64 in the forward position as shown in Fig. 30, because then a toothless portion IUIJB on the extreme rear-end of the respective members I93 lies in the path of certain edge-portions formed by the said outcut 98B. A careful examination of the last mentioned features will reveal that the same function, that is, the maintenance of the rotatable tumblersupport in its normal position, is accomplished by means of the tumbler-portion I when located in the depression 98 of the lock-housing 'II, shown in association with the particular lockmechanism illustrated in Figs. 1 through 14.

The ratchet-formed teeth I95 of the member I93 are arranged on the lower edge thereof, rearwardly of the toothless portion IO0B, and are adapted severally to engage the beveled edge I96 of the flange I81, whenever the tumbler-support is rotated to the left or right after the tumblers have first been moved back to a lesser or greater extent, thus enabling all of the tumblers to be interlocked in any particular position relative to one another before the interceptable parts of the tumblers are carried into abutment with any stationary barrier-elements of the lock-housing. It follows therefore that if all of the tumblers are moved backward to the proper position, as may be accomplished with the correct key before the said interlocking operation is effected, then it enables the lock to be operated; but such operation is not possible if one or more of the tumblers are not first moved to the proper position, because any tumbler whose gate is out of alinement with the barrier-elements of the device may be intercepted thereby; obviously, no adjustment in the position of the tumblers can be made until the tumbler-support 16B has been returned to its normal position to permit the toothed section of the tumbler-member I93 20 to be released from the beveled edge I96 of the barricading device B.

The rear-member I85 (Figs. 27 and 30) of the rotatable tumbler-support 16B may be provided with any suitable driving device, adapted for the operation of an interconnected latch-mechanism. In the form shown, the said rear-member I85 embodies an eccentric pin I91, of which a sectional end-view is presented in Fig. 34, where the pin I9! is shown operatively engaging a springbolt I98; the latter forming part of a padlock mechanism, indicated by the reference character I99. The large circle, shown in dotted lines in Fig. 34, suggests the position of the rear-member I85 of the tumbler-support 163 when incorporated with a padlock; and the two small circles, also shown in dotted lines, indicate respectively the position to which the eccentric pin I91 may be rotated toward the left or right from its normal position by means of the key-operable tumblermechanism for effecting unlocking operation in the spring-bolt I98.

The lock-construction illustrated in Fig. 39 through 49, which will presently be described, is in principle of operation very similar to the construction revealed in Figs. 26 through 38; there exist, however, in these two constructions certain noteworthy differences in the arrangement of the operating parts, as will be elucidated in the following detailed description.

As shown in Figs. 40, 41 and 42, the rotatable tumbler-support (Fig. 41) embodies a frame-member I830 having five tumblers; the two tumblers which are shown operatively supported on the upper side of said frame-member (viewing Fig. 41) are indicated respectively by the reference characters 88D and 82D; while the three tumblers held in operative position on the lower side are indicated respectively by the reference characters 19D, 8ID and 83D. Each tumbler embodies a spring-engaging member I63B movable within definite limits in a suitable slot which is made conjunctly in two op- !positely lying sides of the hole wherein the cylindrical spring I64 is located for effecting the necessary spring-action in the particular tumbler it engages. On the said member I63B of each tumbler is formed a forwardly projecting annular member 20I, fitting loosely into the hole of the cylindrical spring I64, thus enabling the forward end of the respective tumblers to be properly supported. At the rear-end the two upper tumblers are movably sup-ported between the cylindrical wall 200 of the barricading member 900 and the flat face I6IB of the frame-member I83C; the other three tumblers are similarly supported at the rear-end between said cylindrical wall 280 and the second flat face I 61C formed on the lower side of the frame-member I830. Furthermore, the outcuts I92A and I92B of the frame-member I830 (Fig. 43) respectively provide supplementary supporting means for the tumblers accommodated therein.

To the front-end of the frame-member I83C (Figs. 40 and 41) is connected the cup-shaped hub-member I84A, having a relatively small cylindrical portion I82B with its key-hole 850 (Fig. 39) adapted to revolubly. project into the central hole of the front-wall on the lock-housing NC; on the peripheral edge of said central hole of the housing H0 is made a small outcut 91B (Fig. 39) arranged so as to merge into the key-hole 85C of the said member-portion IB2B whenever the tumbler-support 160 is disposed in its normal position to permit the key 850 to be inserted into the lock or to be pulled out therefrom only then when the tumblers of the mechanism are free to be shifted one relative to another, as indicated in Figs. 40 and 41. The form of the key 86C shown in Fig. 43, has a shoulder-portion I23A on the neck I2 IC adapted to prevent the key from being pulled out of the lock, unless the said shoulderportion I23A is disposed in register with the outcut 913 of the lock-housing. As best seen in Figs. 41 and 42, the frame-member I83C further embodies a key-Way 85D which is in effect merely a continuation of the key-hole 850. However, the said key-way 85D may be regarded as being that part of the key-hole wherein the key-engaging portions of the tumblers are arranged in series as indicated in Fig. 41; thus, when the correct key is inserted as far as permitted into the key-hole 850, the five tumblers are urged one relative to another by the notched key-edge 88B to the operative position shown in Fig, 47, hence allowing the tumbler-su'pport 16C to be subsequently rotated in a clockwise or counterclockwise direction beyond the stationary barrier-elements of the barricading member 90C.

On the flange IB'IA (Fig. 48) of the barricading member are made the two outcuts 98C and 98D, the latter being disposed diametrically opposite the former. In the upper outcut 980 are normally held the interceptable edge-sections of the two tumblers 80D and 82D; while in the outout 98D on the lower side are normally located the interceptable edge-sections of the three other tumblers. Now, as long as the tumblers are disposed in the foremost .position, as shown in Fig. 40, they cannot be carried in an angular direction away from the outcut 98C and 98D, because the toothless portion I000 of each tumbler is in position to inhibit such movement. Hence, all of the tumblers must first be moved backwards to a definite extent in order to enable the tumblersupport 160 to be rotated far enough to carry its tumblers very close to the stationary barrier-elements of the lock. But while the tumblers are carried over the above mentioned initial angular distance, they all become interlocked in the particular position relative to one another to which the tumblers were moved before said angular movement in the tumbler support has been effected.

The spaced-apart barrier-elements with which the respective gates 89 of the tumbler must be brought into alinement to afford extensive rotative movement to be effected in the tumbler support 160, are indicated respectively by the reference characters IIIEC and I09C for the two tumblers on the upper side, and mm, DC for the three tumblers on the lower side of the framemember I830. Each of said barrier-elements is formed at the end of a beveled edge-portion, indicated respectively by the reference character I96A; these beveled edge-portions are arranged so as to enable a toothed section of any and all tumblers to be engaged thereby in order to prevent the tumblers from being shifted relative to one another after having been carried in an angular direction over a limited distance away from their normal angular position.

In the device of Fig. 47 the gate 89 of the respective tumblers is made on the same edge on which the teeth I95 are formed. For the preservation of maximum security in -a lock having tumblers of this particular construction, the teeth I95 may be spaced wider apart than shown in the drawing, so as to be equal in width to that of the gate 89; but if that is not done, then some other effective means may be incorporated in the tumbler-mechanism for the accomplishment of a similar purpose, viz., to prevent the proper posi tion of the individual tumblers to be determined by feel with aid of a makeshift instrument manipulated from the outside of the lock. Accordingly, the above noted object may be achieved by arranging at a small suitable distance in rear of each of said beveled edge-portions I96A another beveled edge-member 202, as clearly shown in Figs. 47 and 48. For the purpose of description it will sufiice to consider the particular arrangement of the beveled edge-member 202 in rear of the barrier-element I010. The tooth-engaging portion of the edge-member 202 lies on a circumference equal to that of the tooth-engaging portion of the member I96A in front of it, so that a tooth of any of the five tumblers may be brought into engagement with the beveled edge-member 202 at the same time while either another tooth or the gate of a tumbler is moved into engagement with the beveled edge I96A; thus even if the gate 89 is moved during attempted picking of the lock into engagement with one or the other of the two parallel beveled edge-members, there is no way of positively determining by means of a feeler where the gate of any particular tumbler is located relative to the stationary barrier-elements of the lock.

As shown in Fig. 40, the barricading member 900 is held with aid of its flanged rear-end I86A in fixed position on the lock-housing TIC. On top of said flanged rear-end I86A is secured the disk-shaped rear-closure 933, in which the hubmember 203 of the tumbler-support 16C is journalled. Inside the cavity I 60A (Fig. 47) of the said hub-member 203 i held the shouldered end of the latch-tongue I34B with aid of the fixed annular member 204 (see Fig. 40).

If this particular tumbler mechanism is desired to be incorporated with a padlock, as illustrated in Fig. 49, then the rear-section of the tumblersupport 160 may be modified so as to embody a suitable operating member IA, provided with an eccentric bolt-operating pin I91. The rearclosure 93B is not needed, because in place thereof the frame-member of the padlock in which the bolt I98 is located is adapted to retain the tumbler-support 16C in its assembled position inside the housing 205, which constitutes a part of the body-structure of the padlock.

If desired, the key for the operation of the lock-mechanism, embodying the present invention, may be made in two separate sections, as exemplified in Figs. 44, 45 and 46, to afford the key to be employed for the operation of the lock only when the section 206 of Fig. 44 is properly attached to the section 20GB of Fig. 45, so as to complete the operating end 81A of the key. The end-section of the last described key, as revealed in Fig. 46, is shown to hav a different outline than the key-hole 850 (Fig. 39) it being understood, however, that in practice the operating end of the key is always made to correspond to the form of the key-hole of the lock.

Additional modifications tive of th angular direction in which the tumbler-support of the device is rotated.

In the construction revealed in the drawingfigures 50 through 59, the particular object mentioned in the preceding paragraph, is accomplished with aid of a pivoted lever 201, adapted to carry a barrier-element 208 which is normally held at a small distance away from the engageable edge-sections I 93E (Fig. 57) of the five tumblers (Fig. 52), the latter being operatively supported on the rotatable tumbler-support 'IBE. In Fig. 52, the five tumblers 19E, 80E, SIE, 82E and 83E, may all be seen in assembled position on the frame-member I83E, which embodies suitable pathways to enable shifting movement to be effected within definite limits in said tumblers relative to one another with co-operation of a cylindrical spring I64E associated with each tumbler in the particular fashion as illustrated in Fig. 57.

On the forward end of the said frame-member I83E is attached the cup-shaped hub-member I84E, having its key-hole 85E arranged so as to be normally held in register with the two separate outcuts 91E (Figs. 50 and 56) made in the frontwall of the lock-housing "E; the arrangement of the key-hole 85E relative to the said outcuts 91E being similar as in the device of Figs. 26 and 38, viz., to permit the key of the lock to be pushed in or to be pulled out only then when the tumblermechanism is disposed in its normal position. As shown in Fig. 57, the hub-member I84E has on its flat front-wall a projection 209 fitted into a depression 2 I on the front-end of the framemember I83E, thus providing the necessary securing means to prevent angular displacement of the hub-member I84E relative to said framemember I83E; the former and the latter constituting the tumbler-support 76E.

Another detailed feature of the hub-member I84E may best be examined in Fig. 54; the front-.

wall of said hub-member has two holes (not shown) arranged so that the forwardly projecting annular member 20IE of the tumbler 83E (Fig. 52) may pass through one of said holes at the left, and a similar annuar member of the tumbler 19E may pass through the other hole at the right. Both said projecting annular tumblermembers being made of such length as to enable them to respectively project to the extent shown in the drawing into the holes 98E (Figs. 54 and 56) in the front-wall of the lock-housing 'IIE while the tumbler-support 16E is disposed in its normal position. Accordingly, rotative movement in the tumbler-support 16E may be effected only after the annuar tumbler-members 2lIE are moved out of said holes 98E; but, as is selfevident, all of the tumblers must be shifted backwards to the proper position relative to one another and relative to the barrier-element 288 to permit the lock-mechanism to be operated.

The hub-member I8E further embodies in its cylindrical wall an outcut 2 (Fig. 54), which forms part of a similar outcut 2I2 (Fig. 57) made in the peripheral section 2 I 3 of the frame-member IMF; the above-mentioned outcut is adapted to guide the up and down movement of the lever 20'! at its front-end, which is held in engagement with a short cylindrical spring II5E, tending to swing the said lever outwardly, and normally maintaining it in the angular position shown in Fig. 57.

On the rear-end of the frame-member I83E is made a suitable fulcrum-cavity (Figs. 55 and 57) for journally supporting the shaft 2 I4 of the lever said lev'r-shaft being retained on. its fulcrum with aid of the contiguous wall of the rear- 24 closure 93E when the latter is connected to the lock-housing "E by means of the screws IE, or some other form of securing devices. As shown in Figs. 51, 54 and 57, the frame-member I83E has a relatively large cylindrical portion cut away, thus forming the fulcrum-member 2 I 5 at the rear, and the member 2I3 at the front where the compression spring SE is located; in between these two members is formed the fiat wall 2I6, beneath which the five tumblers are accommodated. In said flat wall 2I6 is made a transverse slot 2II (Figs. 54 and 57) through which the barrier-element 208 of the lever 20'! is permitted to move into the path of the tumblers.

The means for accomplishing the movement in the barrier-element 200 comprises the outcut 413 in the peripheral wall of the lock-housing IIE, wherein the cam-member 2I8 of said lever is normally held by force of the compression spring I I5E; said outcut II4E has two operating edges 2I9, one at the left and another at the right (viewing Fig. 56) so that when the tumblersupport 16E is rotated away from its normal position, in either a clockwise or a counter-clockwise direction, it forces the cam-member 2I8 out of said outcut, thus urging the lever 20'! inwardly to carry its barrier-element 208 through the slot 2 I 1 into the respective gates of the properly positioned tumblers while held in engagement with the notched operating end of the correct key; the tumbler-support 16E may then be freely rotated, and when it is returned to its normal position, it permits the spring-operated lever 20! to swing back, thus carrying the barrier-element 208 out of th path of the tumblers.

From the foregoing description it is evident that the particular construction of Fig. 57 embodies an adjunctive device adapted to carry the barrier-element of the mechanism toward or away from the tumblers while the tumbler-support of the lock is being rotated over a definite angle; whereas in the mechanical arrangement disclosed in other species of the present invention, the spaced-apart barrier-elements are not movable in such manner.

Assuming now, for the purpose of example, that some form of makeshift instrument is employed in an attempt to operate the lock; in that case it is necessary to first push the two tumblers 19E and 83E far enough back to urge the annular tumbler-members 20IE out of the housingholes 98E; leverage may then be applied for r0- tating the tumbler-support 16E over a small distance away from its normal position; while this is done; it ultimately causes the barrier-element 208 to be carried by the downwardly swinging lever 201 into engagement with the upper toothed edge-section I93E of all the tumblers, or at least some of them, depending to What particular position each tumbler is moved before such interlocking operation is effected. The barrier-element 208 has a plurality of teeth made lengthwise on its edge, thus enabling it to grip secure- 1y any tumbler with whose toothed edge it is brought into pressure-engagement. Now, in order to make it impossible to determine by feel with the aid of a makeshift instrument whether or not the gate of any tumbler is moved into alinement with the barrier-element 208, there are several outcuts I95E made on the upper edge of the respective tumblers (see Figs. 5'7 and 58);

each of said outcuts IS'E is made of exactly the same width as the gate 89, so that there is no way of knowing whether the gate or one such outcut is in alinement with the barrier-element 208 in case some tumbler is not held gripped on its edge-portion having the small teeth. The additional outcuts 195E are considerably less in depth than the gate 89, so that the lever 20? may not be forced out of the outcut 4E of the housing HE even if by some remote chance the tumblers should be urged relative to one another to a position to allow the barrier-element 208 to enter one or the other of said additional outcuts I95E of the tumblers.

The lever 20'! may further be adapted for the operation of a key-hole shutter of the type illustrated in Fig. 23, provided the front-part of the tumbler-support 16E of Fig. 51 is suitably constructed for the accommodation of such a shutter. For the purpose of example it is considered suflicient to indicate in Fig. 58 an extension on the front-end of the lever 20'! adapted for the connection of a pin E, shown in dotted lines; thus suggesting the manner of operatively associating with the lever a keyhole shutter or some other form of obstruction movable into the key-hole 85E while the barrierelement 208 of the lever 231 is carried toward the tumblers of the mechanism during initial angular movement of the tumbler-support 16E.

On the operating part 87E of the key 86E (Fig.

v 53) is indicated in dotted lines the position of the hole 9E through which the free end 220 of the pin 15E may move, in a manner similar as the shutter 15A in the device of Fig. 20. Considering further the key 83E of Fig. 53, there is shown in dotted lines the full blank of the operating part 81E, outlining that particular section on which the irregular tumbler-engaging notches 88E may be cut, as desired, down to the limit indicated by the section-line 22I.

As shown in several of the drawing-figures, the frame-member I83E embodies at its rear-end a stem I33E, which projects through the hole I51 of the rear-closure 93E to the outside thereof, where a suitable form of bolt-operating device may be connected to said stem. In Figs. 51 and 59, a pinion |45E is shown fixed to the stem I33E, which pinion is adapted for the operation of the mechanism disclosed in Fig. 59; this particular mechanism is of such construction that two separate key-locks have to be operated simultaneously to enable operation to be effected in an interconnected bolt. To achieve this end, a frame 222 is provided on which two lock-units 223 and 224 are mounted at spaced relation with respect to each other. Each lock-unit carries on its stem [33E a pinion IfiSE, and both pinions are being held in driving engagement with the rack 225; the latter is shown embodying an operating pin MGE, which is made to project into the outcut 225 of the sideways shiftable member 221, whereby a bolt (not shown) may be moved in or out of locking position. The frame 222 includes the upper flange 223 for properly guiding the rectilinear movement of the toothed rack 225 during rotatire movement of the two pinions 145E while two separate keys are employed for the simultaneous operation of the two operatively interconnected locks 223 and 224. The member 221, forming part of the bolt-device, is movably supported on the lower flange 229 of the frame 222.

On the mid-section of the bolt-member 22'! is provided a slot 233 through which the holdingpin 23I is made to project; the said pin being fixed to the frame 222 in order to enable the bolt-member 22? to be held in operative position with aid of the large pin-head 232. In the drawing is further shown a section of an operatively associated detent-member 233, adapted for up and down movement through the hole 234 in the upper flange 228 of the frame 222. Another hole 235 is shown made in the upper edge of the rack 225; said hole being so positioned as to be movable into register with the first mentioned hole 234 of the said flange 228 at a time when the rack 225 is shifted to the right for urging the interconnected bolt to locking position by means of the rack-operated member 221. Thus, when the said rack is moved to its full extent to the right, it permits the detent-member 233 to be moved down into the hole 235 of the toothed rack, in which case the bolt-operating rack may not be operated by means of the key-locks unless the detent-member 233 is first moved back to its normal position. The above described movement of the detent-member 233 may be effected with aid of an additional lock; or, if desired, with aid of a suitable timing mechanism, adapted for moving the interconnected detent-member 233 out of rack-engaging position after a predetermined time-period.

The outer form of the lock-housing and its connecting means may of course be fashioned as desired, according to the particular requirement of the mounting-frame to which the lock-unit is intended to be attached. For example, the housing of Fig. 51 may be provided with a shoulder 236 at its front-end, as indicated in dotted lines in Fig. 54; or a receding shoulder 236A may be formed on the lock-housing as indicated in dotted lines in Fig. 5'7.

The modified lock-mechanism illustrated in the drawing-figures 60 through H, which will be described in the following paragraphs, is shown accommodated inside a hollow shank of a doorknob 231 (Fig. 60), or a, handle 231F; the latter being shown, partly broken away, in Figs. 61, 62 and 63.

Accordingly, the said hollow shank 11F may properly be regarded as being the lock-housing, which in this particular instance is revolubly supported with its rear-end in the socket of the bracket 238, as shown in Fig. 60, so that the housing or shank HF may serve to effect operation in an interconnected latch-mechanism, under locking control of a device operatively associated with the key-operable mechanism in said shank 11F. As shown in the drawing, the keyoperable mechanism of the present invention is adapted for the operation of a simple device whereby the shank HF may be locked to or unlocked from the bracket 238; the means for accomplishing this end includes the bolt-operating device I45F, fixed to the rear-end of the stem I33F; the latter formin an integral part with the rotatable tumbler-support 16F (Fig. 60), which is retained in the hollow shank 11F with aid of the relatively thick rear-closure 93F, shown resting on the flange of the cup-shaped barricading device F for holding the latter in fixed position on the shank 11F when said rear-closure 93F is rigidly secured thereto. The shank "F is retained in the socket of the bracket 238 with aid of the bolt-o erating device I45F which is shown en aging the outside face of the bottom 239, formed by said socket of the bracket 238. In said bottom 239 is made a large center hole through which the stem I 33F of the tumblermechanism projects, and at a small radial distance from said center hole is made a smaller hole for loosely retaining a. locking pin or bolt :49 which is adapted for movement with one end- 27 portion into and out of the hole 24! made in the rear-closure 93F. As shown in Figs. 60 and 71, the bolt-operatin device [F has a pin-engaging segment 242 which embodies two spacedapart beveled edges 243 (Fig. 61) so as to enable the device I45F, while disposed in the angular position shown in Fig. 61, to retain the pin 24!] in looking position inside the hole 24! of the rearclosure 93F to inhibit angular movement in the shank HF; but whenever the said bolt-operating device [45F is rotated away to a definite extent from such locking position, it allows the pin 248 to be urged out of the hole 24! of the rear-closure 93F by the reflex action of the operatively connected curved spring 244 (Fig. 61) as soon as one or the other of said beveled edges 243 is moved out of engagement with the pin 24!), which thereafter is held during its unlocking position in abutment with the face of the other thin segment 245 of said bolt-operating device I45F; the

said face of the thin segment 245 being disposed at a suitable distance away from the outside face of the socket-bottom 239 to afford the pin 24!] to be moved to unlocking position in the manner specified above.

The tumbler-mechanism of the device of Fig. 60 is so constructed that the key may be withdrawn from the lock after having been rotated over an angle of 180 from either one of the two normal positions in which the tumbler-mechanism may be maintained; thus enabling the above described bolt-operating device I451? to be left in either a locking position or an unlocking position. If, therefore, the tumbler-support 16F is rotated in either a clockwise or a counter-clockwise direction over an angle of 180 away from the angular position shown in the drawing, it carries the thin segment 245 of the bolt-operating device !45F to that side where the pin 248 is located, thus causing the shank 11F to be unlocked by virtue of the spring-operated outward movement of the pin 248, so that then the shank HF may be rotated over a limited angle for effecting operation in an operatively connected latch-mechanism, such as may embody a beveled bolt for securing a door in shut position. In Fig. 61 is shown in dotted lines a fragment of a bolt-member 246, adapted for the operation of a beveled bolt (not shown) of usual construction. The bolt-member 246 is shown including an element 24! held in driving engagement with the operating member 248 which is secured to the rear-end of the shank HF, and is made to project through the curvilinear slot 249 in the bottom 239 of said bracket 238.

If instead of the handle 231F, a knob 23! (Fig. 60) is employed for the operation of the member 248, then the slot 249 may be made longer than shown in the drawing, so as to extend over a suitable distance to the left and right of the operating member 248; thus enabling a bolt of a latch-mechanism to be operated while the knob 23'! is rotated over a limited angle either to the left or to the right For such bolt-operation, the operating member 248 may suitably be modified to include a bolt engaging device 258 (shown in dotted lines in Fig. 60) adapted for the operation of a latch-mechanism similar to that illustrated in Fig. 14. On the other hand, if a dead bolt I41, of the type shown in Fig. 8, is desired to be operated, then a .pin [46F (Fig. 71) may be secured to the bolt-operating device I45F so as to enable an operatively connected dead bolt to be thrown to looking or unlocking position with a half-turn of the tumbler-support 16F. Henc the particular lock-mechanism illustrated in Figs. 60 and 61 may be employed, as desired, for the operation of a dead bolt of the above mentioned type, either with or without embodiment of the locking .pin 24!], whereby locking operation may be effected separately in connection with: the shank TIF. With the above consideration in view, there is provided a mechanical arrangement in connection with this particular species of the present invention to afford the key-operable tumbler-mechanism to be normally maintained in its housing in at least two different angular positions.

In Fig. 64 is shown the key 86F, which is adapted for the operation of the tumbler-mechanism illustrated in Figs. 60, 68, 69, 70 and 71. While in Fig. 62 may be seen the key-hole in the frontwall 25! of the housing or shank 11F; said keyhole comprises two relatively narrow outcuts 91F and 91G, arranged diametrically opposite each other and merging into the round center hole I26F, which is shown having two Wards !24F. 'On the inside of the housing-wall 25! (Fig. 63) is made a bearing-socket 252 in which the revoluble hub-member I84F of the rotatable tumblersupport 16F is accommodated. Said hub-member !84F has a key-hole 85F, corresponding in outline to the key-hole of the housing 11F; it should be noted, however, that the key-hole of the hub-member I84F embodies merely one narrow outcut 253, which may be carried into register with either one of the aforementioned outcuts 91F or 91G of the lock-housing 11F. The said outcut 253 of the hub-member I84F extends rearwardly only to a small distance, just enough to permit the accommodation of the beard 254 of the key 86F, shown in Fig. 64. It will therefore be obvious, if the outcut 253 is in alinement with the outcut 97F of the housing-wall 25! (Fig. 62) that then the beard 254 of the key 86F may enter only through the said outcut 91F; but after the tumbler-support 16F is rotated a half-turn around from said firstmentioned position, it carries the outcut 253 of the hub-member I84F into register with the upper outcut 91G of the lockhousing HF; in which case the key 86F may be inserted while its beard 254 is disposed on the upper side. The notched operating end 81F of the key 86F is shown provided with an axial bore 255 into which the centrally located pin 258 (Fig. "71) of the tumbler-support 18F may enter when the key is inserted into the lock.

In Fig. 63 are shown six cavities or depressions, arranged equidistantly on the front-wall of the housing HF; all six depressions are identical in form, one of which being indicated by the reference character 98F. Each of these depressions 98F is adapted for receiving the forwardly projecting end HJOF of a tumbler; in Fig. 68 may be seen from the front the six tumblers which this particular modification of the invention is shown to embody. One of the tumblers, shown supported on the upper side, is indicated by the reference character 8 IF, and another tumbler, disposed on the lower side. is indicated by the reference character 8!G: most of t e detailed features of these two tumblers may be clearly seen in Fig. 71.

As shown in the drawing, the frame-elements of the tumbler mechanism are of unusually simple constructon, such as may be produced in quantity at a minimum cost in labor and material. Viewing Fig. '71, the central part of the tumblersupport 16F is fashioned from a piece of tubing 2 Which embodies the key-hole 85F, in the 

